Bone cancer is one of the most serious types of cancer affecting humans today. The disease is caused by malignant cells that invade the bone marrow and affect the production and function of white blood cells. Primary bone cancer is a specific sub-type of an already known group of multiple myeloma cancers called as primary sarcomas. Primary sarcomas are usually detected when malignant cells invade the bone marrow and cause significant damage to normal bone tissue. Most cases of secondary bone cancer are diagnosed after malignant cells have invaded the lymphatic system, blood, or abdominal organs.
Malignant cells may also spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream and lymphatic system. Common sites for the spread of bone cancer are the bones, lungs, liver, kidney, heart and lungs. Once, the cancer spreads, it moves to the next stage, which is staging. Staging involves the investigation of the cancer to determine the stage of progression. Each stage has specific criteria for determining cancer survival and prognosis.
Soft tissue cancers of the bone are classified into four different stages. Stage I is the least severe, while Stage IV is the most severe case. Stage V is the least rare, while Stage VI is the most rare. Of the four different stages, only two-thirds of all cases in the U.S. are classified as Stage I or Stage IV. This means that a majority of bone cancer victims will never know they have the disease, making it possible for them to live a normal life. Of the two-thirds of bone cancer victims who do contract the disease, most receive treatment and are still living to tell the tale.
One of the major risk factors for developing bone cancer include men who are overweight. Research has found that men who are overweight or obese are at greater risk of contracting this disease. Women are also at greater risk, but their risk factors are lower than men’s. Factors that have been associated with an increased risk of cancer include age, obesity, poor diet and family history.
There are several types of therapy available for those diagnosed with cancer. Depending on the type of tumor and the stage of the tumor, doctors may choose to remove the tumor or attempt to remove only the affected cells. They may also choose to perform a biopsy, in which the doctor uses a small camera attached to a thin fiber optic wire to view the inside of the affected tissue. This type of examination is more invasive than a regular exam. Tumors that are large or lying in an unusual position may require a surgery.
Surgery is one of the options available when treating bone tumors. The procedure is called a mastectomy. This procedure removes the tumor through the top of the thigh. Radiation treatment or chemotherapy is then used to kill the remaining cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be administered orally or intravenously.
Mastectomy will require that the patient will also have to lose the use of their legs. Chemotherapy will require that the cancer cells are monitoring with medication to stop them from spreading to other parts of the body. A person who undergoes a surgery may need to take regular medication after the surgery in order to prevent the cancer from spreading. Bone cancer is more common in people who are overweight or elderly.
Bone cancer occurs more frequently in people who are very old, have a poor diet and are overweight. It is more likely to occur in those who smoke, have a family history of cancer and whose family members have also developed tumors. Research has shown that some types of tumors are genetically linked to increasing chances of developing cancer. If a person develops a tumor, he or she should undergo a biopsy to determine the type of tumor.
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